Cable Tray | What benefits does using this practical equipment bring to you?
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Cable tray; a bridge for safely routing wires through open conduits
There are various types of cable trays available in the market, including ladder, galvanized, perforated, PVC, stainless steel, etc., each of which has its own features and benefits. Most commercial and industrial sectors use cable trays as an alternative to conduit systems because they are safe and completely reliable. Choosing the right cable tray for your project is very important to ensure a safe, reliable and efficient electrical system. In this article, we are going to introduce cable trays.
What is a cable tray?
The term cable tray was first used in the early 1900s in the United States. At that time, electricians began using trays to organize and protect electrical wiring. Cable trays were originally made of metal, and electricians could easily and safely carry out maintenance and repair work on the wiring.
This product is currently used in many countries and in various industries, including construction, manufacturing and telecommunications. These devices are used to store and protect electrical wiring, as well as other items such as cables, hoses and pipes. Cable trays are made and marketed in various materials, including metal, plastic and fiberglass, and in various shapes and sizes by cable tray manufacturers.
In fact, cable tray is a lightweight electrical and structural support system that allows for the safe containment and movement of flexible electrical cables and conduits in open openings and protects them from overheating and fire hazards.
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Cable tray is used in the electrical wiring of buildings and to support insulated cables that are mainly intended for power distribution. It can be said that cable tray is an excellent alternative to electrical conduits or open wiring systems and is commonly used for cable management in commercial and industrial buildings. This equipment is an integral part of the design of electrical installations and is used when changes are needed in the wiring system.
Advantages of using cable trays
Efficient cable management is essential for maintaining a safe and orderly electrical infrastructure. Working with tray-type products is easy for the electrician: making bends, inserting tees and risers into the cable tray or connecting multiple cable trays together lengthwise is an easy task that can be done on site using accessories such as splice plates.
These plates allow you to create a wide range of bends with different radii. TX brackets also allow you to create internal or external risers for tee or cross connections or riser links. When it comes to choosing the right solution, these products offer significant benefits, including:
Cable Protection: Cable trays create a protective barrier around cables and wires, protecting them from damage caused by moisture, dust, debris, and other environmental factors
Cable Management: Cable trays help organize cables and wires, making it easier to identify and troubleshoot any problems that may arise
Reduce Installation Time: Cable trays can be easily installed and adjusted, reducing installation time and labor costs
Flexibility: Cable trays can accommodate a variety of cable sizes and types, making them a flexible option for a wide range of electrical applications
High Safety: Cable trays provide protection by separating and supporting cables and wires from Prevents cable fires and other hazards.
Why is cable tray a better alternative to traditional cable management systems?
Cable trays have quickly proven their worth as one of the safest and most reliable options for supporting open wiring. In fact, cable trays are a cost-effective solution that makes it easier to handle a network of wires. The user-friendly design of cable trays minimizes damage to them. In addition, cable trays are also known as a time-saving solution because they are very easy to install and rarely take more than a few minutes.
A cable tray consists of a series of metal or non-metallic steps or channels that provide a path for cables and wires to pass through. Cable trays can be installed horizontally or vertically and can be supported by a variety of structures, including ceiling supports, floor stands, and wall brackets. When it comes to efficient and secure cable management, cable trays offer the ultimate in flexibility, airflow, organization, safety, and cost-effectiveness over traditional cable management systems. Here are some reasons why cable trays are superior to traditional cable management systems.
Better flexibility and adaptability
Cable trays offer greater flexibility and adaptability than traditional cable management systems. Cable trays make it easier to accommodate different cable types and sizes in a system. The modular design of cable trays also allows for easy modifications and expansion, making them ideal for evolving infrastructure needs.
Improve air circulation and heat dissipation
One of the key benefits of cable trays is their ability to improve air circulation around cables. Unlike traditional methods that require cables to be bundled and bundled tightly, cable trays improve airflow, which helps dissipate heat more effectively. This reduces the risk of overheating and ensures optimal cable life and performance.
Efficient cable routing and organization
One of the benefits of cable trays is cable routing and organization. They provide a dedicated path for cables, reducing the chance of tangles, snags, and damage. With proper cable tray installation, specific cables can be identified and accessed more easily, making maintenance and troubleshooting a breeze.
Increasing safety and reducing fire risks
Compared to traditional cable management systems, cable trays offer improved safety features. Cable trays are designed to prevent the spread of fire, as they are usually made of fire-resistant materials. In addition, cable trays minimize the risk of electrical faults, short circuits, and damage due to cable overload, improving overall safety in the facility.
Cost-effectiveness and cost savings in the long run
While you may have to spend more on cable trays than traditional solutions, you will save money in the long run. Cable trays minimize the need for costly rewiring or reconfiguration in the future because cables can be easily added or relocated within an existing system. The durability and adaptability of cable trays also ensure a longer lifespan, while also reducing maintenance and replacement costs over time.
Types of cable trays
As mentioned, cable trays are one of the main components for maintaining cables and wires for power and communications. Cable trays facilitate the upgrade, expansion, reconfiguration or relocation of networks by protecting power and signal cables. Most cable trays are open, allowing for efficient heat dissipation and easy access for replacement and repair. Although these equipment are typically suspended from the ceiling or attached to the wall, some cable trays can also be used on the floor. In fact, we can say that cable trays are an alternative to wiring and electrical conduit that completely encloses the cables. We will explain its types below.
Ladder cable tray
Ladder Cable Tray, also known as cable ladder or cable ladder, is the most common type of cable tray and is commonly used in industrial and commercial applications. These trays feature a series of parallel metal rungs that resemble a ladder, with wires and cables running across the rungs. Ladder cable trays are available in a variety of widths and depths and can be customized to suit specific installation needs.
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This type of cable tray actually has two side rails connected by steps. This design is very important and effective because the steps of the ladder provide easy access to the cables. The steps also serve as a convenient clamping mechanism for securing cables in cable tray routes that are not horizontal or where it is necessary to properly maintain the cable in horizontal routes.
Cable tray with integrated floor
Solid Bottom Cable Trays, also known as trunking or duct (non-mesh) cable trays, have a flat, solid base that supports cables and wires. These trays are commonly used in projects where cables and wires need to be protected from spills or liquids. Solid Bottom Cable Trays are available in a variety of sizes and materials including steel, aluminum, and fiberglass.
This cable tray is preferred in cases where sagging cables can affect the overall performance of the system. Also, when protection from electromagnetic interference is a major concern, solid bottom cable tray can be the superior solution.
Punched mesh tray
Trough Cable Trays are similar to solid bottom cable trays but have raised sides to accommodate cables and wires. These trays are typically used in applications where cables and wires need to be protected from external forces, or where there is a risk of moisture or liquid ingress. Trough Cable Trays are manufactured and marketed in a variety of non-metallic and metallic materials including steel, and aluminum, and are available in all standard widths. These trays are used for applications where heat generation is moderate and have short to medium support spans of 0.3, 3, and 6 meters.
Channel cable tray
Channel Cable Trays are also known as U-shaped cable trays due to their unique shape and are ideal for routing small cables and wires. Channel-type cable trays are available in various widths and depths and are easily installed using wall brackets or floor stands. The support of these trays is between 1.5 and 3 meters. Also, channel cable trays are installed in standard widths of 3, 4, and 6 inches in metal systems and about 8 inches in non-metal systems. It is worth noting that the standard length for installing channel cable trays is 10, 12, 20, and 24 feet. Most applications for channel-type cable trays include:
Low voltage applications
Where the number of trays used is limited
In applications where cables exit through ventilation openings, the cable channel is subject to some level of vibration.
Mesh cable tray
Wire Mesh Cable Tray, also known as a basket, is made from a network of intertwined and interlocking wires that form a path for cables and wires. These trays are lightweight and easy to install, making them an ideal choice for installation in low to medium voltage applications as well as fiber optic projects. Wire Mesh Cable Trays are manufactured and marketed in a variety of sizes and materials including steel, aluminum, and stainless steel.
Single-rail cable tray
Single-Rail Cable Trays have a metal rail that holds cables and wires and acts as a support. These trays are typically used in applications where cables and wires need to be suspended from ceilings or walls. Single-Rail Cable Trays are available in a variety of lengths and can be easily customized to suit specific installation needs.
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It is worth noting that rail cable trays can be of both single-rail and multi-rail types. These equipment can be installed both wall-mounted and centrally supported. In other words, these trays are completely flexible for use in power distribution. It should be noted that rail cable trays are mostly used for low-power cables.
Perforated cable tray
Perforated Cable Trays have a ventilated section that includes side rails. This type of tray provides better support for cables compared to ladder cable trays. The holes in these trays also help in anti-corrosion, fire safety, and moisture prevention as they have a pre-galvanized, hot-dip galvanized, or powder-coated epoxy coating that results in the required heat dissipation. Also, the safe and smooth edge of these trays protects the cable lines from any scratches. The table below summarizes the types of cable trays:
Tray design | Ventilation | Support range (support span) | Applications |
Ladder | Maximum | 12 to 20 Death | Suitable for long spans |
Mesh | Maximum | 4 to 8 Death | Suitable for low voltage, telecommunications and fiber optic cable applications |
Integrated floor | Minimal | 5 to 12 Death | Suitable for delicate cables and where there is minimal heat generation |
Punched mesh | Medium | 5 to 15 Death | Suitable for supporting additional cable and where heat generation is moderate |
Canal | Variable | 10 to 24 Death | Suitable for preventing cables from sagging and becoming disconnected. |
Monorail | Maximum | 10 to 12 Death | Suitable for cables carrying communication data as well as power cables. Has a quick installation template. |
Is cable tray better or cable ladder?
The choice between a cable tray and a cable ladder depends on the specific needs of each project and environmental conditions, and it cannot be definitively said that one of the two options is better than the other. Both systems have their own applications and the choice between them should be made based on the characteristics and needs of the project.
A cable tray is generally designed for environments that require regular and tidy cable management and is able to keep cables safely inside and protect them from physical damage. This system is especially useful in environments where cables must be installed directly and close to walls or other surfaces. A cable ladder, on the other hand, is more suitable for situations where there is a need to manage high-volume cables and there is a need for proper ventilation. A cable ladder allows cables to flow easily through the empty space between the ladders, thus avoiding problems such as overheating or reduced ventilation.
Considering the available space and ease of installation are also factors that affect the choice between cable trays and cable ladders. Cable trays are more suitable for closed and limited environments that require little space for installation, while cable ladders are more useful in more open environments and in spaces with high heights. Due to their design, cable ladders allow cables to be easily installed in wider environments and at different heights, which makes their installation and maintenance easier in such conditions. Therefore, the choice between cable trays and cable ladders should be made based on the available space, the type of cables, and the specific needs of the power supply system in order to choose the best type of cable holder.
Types of cable trays based on material
Apart from the design type, cable trays can also be categorized based on their material. Usually, we see metal and non-metal cable trays in the market. Metal trays are usually made of aluminum, steel and stainless steel. Non-metallic trays are also made of materials such as fiberglass. Below, we will describe the types of cable trays based on material.
Aluminum cable tray
Aluminum cable trays can be used in almost any environment. They are very popular among technicians due to their high corrosion resistance and good strength-to-weight ratio. In addition, aluminum trays are lightweight, which means they are very easy to work with.
Steel cable tray
Steel cable trays are very durable and affordable. They are commonly used in applications where thermal expansion is low. The only downside to steel cable trays is that they are less resistant to corrosion and are quite bulky, making them a bit difficult to handle.
Stainless steel cable tray
Stainless steel cable trays are highly resistant to dyes and are highly resistant to organic and inorganic chemicals at very high temperatures. It is worth noting that the price of stainless steel cable trays is slightly higher than that of regular steel.
Fiberglass cable trays
Fiberglass trays are non-conductive and highly resistant to corrosion. They are also lightweight, making them easy to handle. However, it is important to ensure that the bend radius of the coaxial or fiber optic cable is maintained properly according to standards.
What types of cables are commonly used in cable trays?
The purpose of using cable trays is to support, route, and protect cables as part of a cable management system. In general, tray rated cables are high-quality products that have been tested to withstand harsh environments and can be used outdoors, indoors, in corrosive environments, in hazardous locations, or in areas with high electrical noise.
These cables are tested for flame retardancy, mechanical strength, and temperature limits. Many cables that can be used in trays have also passed impact tests and are referred to as ER rated cables. ER cables are allowed to extend up to six feet from the cable tray and are separated from it; as long as they are supported and remain in a safe condition.
In many cases, more than one type of cable is used for a particular application. For example, both cables rated as tray cables (TC) and metal-sheathed cables (MC) can be used for 600 V motor power cables. In all cases, cables used in cable tray must be UL listed and their cable tray rating must be clearly visible with appropriate markings.
NEC approved cables
The types of cables permitted in cable trays and the methods of wiring permitted in cable trays can be found in NEC Section 392.10(A). This section also lists the various corresponding NEC notes and explains the conditions of use and installation requirements for a particular class or type of cable. Additional considerations such as load capacity, allowable ampacity, cable connection in trays, and secure and restrained cables are discussed in Article 392. The types of cables most commonly used in cable trays according to NEC requirements are:
Tray Cable: Type TC
Limited Power Tray Cable: Type PLTC
Instrumentation Tray Cable: Type ITC
Metal Clad Cables: Type MC
Metal Insulated Metal Clad Cables: Type MI
Fiber Optic Cables: Types OFC through OFN
Communication Cables: Types CMP, CMR, CMG, CM, CMX
Fire Alarm Cables: Type NPLF – NPLFP, FPL-FPLP (CI)
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Cable tray standards, design and calculation
Specific standards are used to design cable trays. For example, the international standard IEC-61537 specifies the requirements and tests applicable to cable trays (as well as all metal cable trays, including mesh and non-metallic). These requirements include the required support, the installation of cables, as well as the management of the intended communication systems. On the other hand, the National Electrical Manufacturers Association (NEMA) also publishes several documents on cable tray, including:
NEMA VE1: General definitions of cable tray, manufacturing standards, performance standards, testing standards, and application information
NEMA VE2: Cable Tray Installation Guidelines
NEMA FG1: Covers fiberglass cable tray systems
Clause 250, 318, 392, and 800 of the National Electrical Code (NEC) also cover various aspects of cable trays. If the cable tray is used as an equipment grounding conductor, it can be classified under UL. UL (Underwriters Laboratory) and the American National Standards Institute (ANSI) have developed the ANSI/UL 568 standard for nonmetallic cable tray systems.
Fiberglass cable tray can also meet ASTM D-635 (flame and self-extinguishing rating requirements) and ASTM E-84 (smoke density rating). In addition, the National Electrical Contractors Association (NECA) also has a standard for installing metal cable tray systems, known as NECA Standard Code NEIS 105.
Standard cable tray size
The thickness available for cable tray types is 1.2 mm, 1.6 mm, 2.0 mm, 2.5 mm and also 3.0 mm. It is also possible to customize based on customer needs and electrical load. Other parameters related to the standard size of cable trays are:
Standard depth: 25, 40, 50, 75, 100 mm or based on customer needs and electrical load
Standard length: 2500 mm to 3000 mm or based on customer needs and electrical load
Standard height: 10 to 25 mm or based on customer needs and electrical load
Method for calculating cable tray size
There is a simple formula to calculate the size of cable tray which is: length x width x height (in mm). In fact, the length of the longest side of the tray is from left to right. The width should also be measured from front to back. The height should also be measured from the top to the bottom of the tray. To calculate the minimum bend radius of the cable tray, the total cable diameter is multiplied by 6. Another important parameter in this regard is the maximum cable capacity in kilograms per meter, which is calculated as the cable area (in square meters) multiplied by 2800.
The most common step spacing for a ladder-type cable tray is 9 inches (228.6 mm). This spacing is used for almost all cable sizes. Regarding the spacing of cable supports, it should be said that the cable should be held in place at distances that do not exceed the tolerance range of 1371.6 mm and are within the tolerance range of 305 to 10 mm from the application to the load center or connections. On the other hand, most cable trays and steps are designed to withstand loads of about 90 to 92 kg.
Cable Tray Selection Guide
In the previous section, we learned about the types of cable trays. Each type of cable tray has features that can best meet the needs of a project and is selected by the engineer. As an important point, it should be said that if the tray is used as a protective conductor, it must be earthed. But how can you choose the right cable tray for the intended application? Below we will explain the following points that should be considered when choosing cable trays.
Cable type
The type of cables you plan to install is a very important factor in choosing a tray. Different cable trays are designed to accommodate different cable sizes and configurations. You should choose a cable tray that is compatible with the cables used in your project.
Environmental conditions
Different cable trays are designed to withstand different environmental conditions. It is best to consider the environment in which the cable tray will be installed; for example, is the tray to be used indoors or outdoors? Will the tray be exposed to moisture, corrosive materials, or extreme temperatures?
Load Capacity
It is best first to assess the load capacity required for your project. Determine the weight of the cables and any additional loads such as personnel or maintenance equipment, and select a cable tray that can safely support these loads.
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Ventilation and Heat Dissipation
If the project involves cables that generate heat (such as data cables or power cables), ventilation and heat dissipation are a must. Some cable trays, such as ladder trays and mesh trays, have better airflow and heat dissipation.
Installation Method
Will the cable tray be suspended from the ceiling, mounted on walls, or placed on the floor? The installation method can affect the choice of cable tray type and support accessories. Also consider the installation requirements, including the type of supports and brackets required.
Adequate Access for Maintenance
It is also a good idea to think about future maintenance needs. Accessibility can affect the efficiency of maintenance. For example, ask yourself whether the cable tray provides adequate access for maintenance and cable adjustment tasks.
Cost
Budget also plays a decisive role in choosing the right cable tray. Different cable tray materials and types come at different prices. It is therefore important to strike a balance between the project requirements and the price of the cable tray.
Compliance and Safety
During the design phase, it is important to ensure that the cable tray you choose fully complies with safety and industry standards. Safety is indeed a very important issue, especially in environments where electrical cables are present.
Factors affecting the price of cable trays
The price of cable trays is not fixed and, like any other industrial equipment, varies depending on several factors. Below, we will examine the factors affecting the price of cable trays that can help you make the best decision when purchasing cable trays and other similar equipment.
Tray Material
The material used in the construction of cable trays has a significant impact on its price. Cable trays are usually made of different metals such as galvanized, stainless steel and aluminum, each of which has different properties and prices. For example, galvanized cable trays are usually more economical in terms of cost, while stainless steel trays are more expensive due to their high resistance to corrosion and rust. Choosing the right material will depend on the environmental needs and project budget.
Tray Size and Capacity
The dimensions and capacity of the cable tray are also two of the factors that determine the price. Cable trays are manufactured in different sizes and capacities to accommodate different types of cables. Trays with higher capacities and larger dimensions usually cost more. This feature increases the overall cost of the project, especially in large and complex projects that require high-capacity trays.
Protective Coatings
Some cable trays are equipped with special coatings such as anti-rust, anti-heat and anti-chemical coatings that increase their useful life. These coatings can significantly affect the final price of the tray. For projects that are implemented in harsh environments and adverse weather conditions, these coatings are essential but will also cost more.
Design and Additional Features
The special design and additional features of the cable tray, such as adjustability and flexibility, have a great impact on the price. Cable trays with custom designs and special features, such as cable management systems or easier installation, tend to be more expensive. These features can help improve efficiency and ease of installation, but they also add to the cost of the project.
Quantity and Volume
The volume of the purchase and the number of trays required also affect the price. Bulk purchases are usually accompanied by special discounts, which can greatly reduce the overall cost of the project. On the other hand, purchasing smaller quantities may come with higher prices. Therefore, proper planning and purchasing in bulk can help save costs and significantly reduce the overall cost of your project.
Cable tray installation and maintenance tips
When installing and maintaining a cable tray, it is essential to pay attention to certain points to ensure its optimal performance and long useful life. Following these points will greatly help maintain the safety, efficiency, and durability of the tray. Below, we will examine the most important points for installing and maintaining a cable tray:
Choosing a suitable location for installation: Before installing a cable tray, choosing a suitable location for it is very important. The cable tray should be installed in a place that is physically protected and easily accessible for maintenance and repairs. You should also prevent the tray from being exposed to moisture, chemicals, and high or low temperatures to prevent damage to the tray and its cables.
Proper and solid installation: When installing the tray, it is very important to ensure that this equipment is installed correctly and firmly. Using proper screws and fittings and ensuring that the tray is level will help prevent it from moving or falling over time. You should also make sure that the tray is installed at appropriate distances from walls and other obstacles to provide enough space for ventilation and cable management. Proper cable management is essential to maintain the efficiency and longevity of the cable tray. Cables should be neatly placed inside the tray to prevent them from being tangled or stressed. Using cable ties and proper cable organization tools can help prevent damage and reduce cable-related problems. Regular cleaning: Regular inspection and cleaning of trays is of utmost importance. You should also regularly inspect the tray and the cables inside it for possible damage, rust, or other defects.
Cable tray; a practical equipment for your specialized work
In this article, we will introduce the types of cable trays, their benefits, and design considerations. Cable trays are an essential part of any electrical installation that provide support, protection, and organization for cables and wires. In short, this equipment can be called a bridge that allows the safe passage of wires through open openings and protects the cables from overheating.
These trays are an important item in every electrician’s toolbox and are used to ensure the proper organization and protection of wiring. These devices are necessary for all electrical construction projects and are used in a wide range of commercial and industrial buildings. By understanding the main types of cable trays and their unique features, you can choose the right cable tray according to your needs and ensure a safe, reliable, and efficient electrical system.
In this article, we will introduce the types of cable trays, their benefits, and design considerations. Cable trays are an essential part of any electrical installation that provide support, protection, and organization for cables and wires. In short, this equipment can be called a bridge that allows the safe passage of wires through open openings and protects the cables from overheating.
These trays are an important item in every electrician’s toolbox and are used to ensure the proper organization and protection of wiring. These devices are necessary for all electrical construction projects and are used in a wide range of commercial and industrial buildings. By understanding the main types of cable trays and their unique features, you can choose the right cable tray according to your needs and ensure a safe, reliable, and efficient electrical system.
Click to contact, inquire about prices and purchase cable trays